Emblica urinaria

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:PHYLLANTHACEAE
Species:Emblica urinaria (L.) R.W. Bouman
Common Name:Chamber Bitter; Gripeweed; Peewater Leaf Flower
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Herb
Duration:Annual
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:**
Plant Notes:Chamber Bitter is an introduced herbaceous annual in the Leaf Flower family (Phyllanthaceae). It is probably native to Asia, but is now found worldwide in tropical and sub-tropical areas. In can be found throughout Alabama. Chamber Bitter occurs in flower beds, in gardens, in lawns, on roadsides, and in other disturbed areas. It is an annual with a taproot. The stems are erect, slightly angled but not winged, glabrous, and green or reddish-brown in color. The vertical stems have phyllanthoid branches (horizontal, flower-bearing stems) that resemble pinnately compound leaves. The leaves on the main stem are small and scale-like. Those on the branches are well-developed, oblong or obovate in outline, minutely pubescent near the margins on the lower surface, glabrous on the upper surface, with minutely pubescent margins. The leaves are sensitive to tough and will fold like the leaflets of sensitive briar. The leaves are subtended by auriculate stipules. Flowers are solitary or in cymules in the axils of the leaves, proximal with 1 pistillate flower, distal with 5–7 staminate flowers. Staminate flowers have 6 white sepals and 3 stamens. Pistillate flowers have 6 yellow or green sepals and an unlobed annular nectary. The fruit is a tuberculate capsule. Chamber Bitter is an aggressive weed that was first reported in the United States in 1940. It begins to fruit when very young, and is difficult to eliminate once established. Chamber Bitter has an extensive history of use in folk medicine for treating a wide variety of ailments.—A. Diamond.
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Not Native, FAC (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyPHYLLANTHACEAE - Leaf Flower family
Genus Emblica
Species Emblica urinaria (L.) R.W. Bouman - Chamber Bitter; Gripeweed; Peewater Leaf Flower

Citation

Citation Emblica urinaria (Linnaeus) R.W. Bouman, Phytotaxa 540(1): 60. 2022.
Basionym: Phyllanthus urinaria L. 1753.
Type: INDIA: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1105.4). Lectotypified by Coode, in Bosser et al., Fl. Mascareignes 160: 27. 1982.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Diasperus urinaria Diasperus urinaria (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 601. 1891.Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus 1753. 
Phyllanthus alatus Phyllanthus alatus Blume, Bijdr. 594. 1826.  
Phyllanthus cantoniensis Phyllanthus cantoniensis Hornemann, Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn., rev. ed. 29. 1807. CHINA
Phyllanthus chamaepeuce Phyllanthus chamaepeuce Ridley, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., ser. 2. 3: 345. 1893.  
Phyllanthus lepidocarpus Phyllanthus lepidocarpus Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Koenigl Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 143. 1843.  
Phyllanthus leprocarpus Phyllanthus leprocarpus Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. 5(2): pl. 1895(4). 1852.  
Phyllanthus urinaria Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 982. 1753. INDIA: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1105.4). Lectotypified by Coode, in Bosser et al., Fl. Mascareignes 160: 27. 1982.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Choctaw, Cleburne, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Escambia, Etowah, Geneva, Hale, Houston, Jefferson, Lee, Lowndes, Madison, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Pike, Shelby, Sumter, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa, Wilcox, Winston

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: ALNHS, AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, USAM, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1962 - 1983

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
TROY000038136 Bullock 28 Sep 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1342		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_9333 Baldwin 30 Aug 1960 Jones, Jr., Samuel B.
 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004746 Houston 15 Oct 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15963		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00018700 Mobile 26 Aug 1965 Deramus, Rebecca
D680		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0011987 Autauga 03 Sep 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7499		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_3230 1954 Davis, Donald E.
 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
JSU141244 Monroe 01 Nov 1997 Whetstone, R. David
19051		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_64291 Baldwin 21 Oct 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14839		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000050647 Morgan 26 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3796		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_56474 Crenshaw 7 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9814		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
UWAL0007626 Sumter 13 Sep 2006 Mustain, Robert A.
100		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_73832 Covington 22 Oct 2009 Hansen, Curtis J.
4518		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
JSU141240 Baldwin 15 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12848		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00063699 Butler 25 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14726		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
USAM000006058 Mobile 29 Oct 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11798		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004742 Coffee 10 Sep 1999 Martin, Brian H.
199		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA000035556 Escambia 13 Jul 2011 Hansen, Curtis J.
5114		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L. Ssp. Urinaria
TROY000050090 Lowndes 16 Aug 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29420		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0011898 Hale 30 Aug 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7463		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0014614 Morgan 26 Jul 2012 England, J. Kevin
3796		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000049800 Geneva 20 Oct 2016 Byrd, Cameron
363		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA000030090 Lee 9 Sep 2014 Barger, T. Wayne
CSP-41		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004741 Choctaw 07 Nov 1980 Kral, Robert
66591		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0014164 Bullock 28 Sep 2012 Dykes, Bailee
1342		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0002328 Conecuh 27 Oct 2008 Spaulding, Daniel D.
13082		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0015320 Hale 26 Sep 2010 Keener, Brian R.
6176		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
TROY000004749 Pike 18 Oct 2002 Colbert, Steven
s.n.		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00056108 Covington 26 Aug 1998 MacDonald, John R.
11826		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_65404 Barbour 16 Oct 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15984		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
USAM000006060 Baldwin 03 Aug 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11357		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
JSU139053 Jefferson 23 Sep 2000 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10941		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000029834 Monroe 05 Sep 2009 Hooks, Ryanne
3		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004737 Baldwin 21 Oct 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14839		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
USAM000006056 Baldwin 04 Sep 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11450		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0049920 Lowndes 16 Aug 2020 Diamond, Alvin R.
29420		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00020121 Covington 03 Sep 1969 Kral, Robert
36830		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
SAMF0007459 Jefferson 20 Sep 2016 Davenport, L.J.
6459		 SAMF
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0047253 Autauga 16 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1223		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0054103 Cleburne 06 Oct 2019 Spaulding, Daniel D.
16084		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
USAM000006061 Baldwin 11 Oct 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11662		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004748 Pike 11 Dec 1998 Diamond, Alvin R.
s.n.		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0034523 Conecuh 03 Oct 1994 Kral, Robert
84238		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000050614 Geneva 07 Nov 2015 Longbottom, Wayne D.
24011		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0051867 Madison 04 Oct 2020 England, J. Kevin
11305		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_56346 Crenshaw 29 Sep 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
10000		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004747 Monroe 03 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16028		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000030814 Baldwin 30 Aug 1960 Jones, Samuel B., Jr.
s.n.		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_35283 Covington 17 Sep 1979 Crawford, Lloyd C.
 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000019016 Calhoun 31 Jul 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11512		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
USAM000006050 Baldwin 04 Sep 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11450		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0043472 Baldwin 22 Aug 2001 Larsen, Harry S.
904		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UNA00056188 Geneva 05 Oct 1998 MacDonald, John R.
12174		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0037519 Bullock 28 Sep 2016 Soehren, Eric C.
418		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L. ssp urinaria
UNA00018699 Tuscaloosa 29 Sep 1983 Gabrielson, Frederick C.
s.n.		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
TROY000047775 Autauga 16 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1223		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000033728 Houston 31 Aug 2011 Senn, Whitney
20		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_58960 Crenshaw 11 Oct 1998 Diamond, Alvin R.
11468		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004740 Butler 25 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14726		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
USAM000006054 Baldwin 30 Aug 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11357		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0031829 Conecuh 18 Sep 1993 Kral, Robert
83292		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004743 Covington 28 Oct 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
12231		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000018910 Geneva 08 Nov 2007 Diamond, Alvin R.
18610		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
USAM000006059 Mobile 04 Sep 1969 LeLong, Michel G.
5245		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0032123 Houston 13 Aug 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26708		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000040891 Hale 30 Aug 2012 Keener, Brian R.
7463		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0049185 Bullock 30 Jul 2016 Horne, Howard E.
3441		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00009421 Lee 20 Aug 1978 Kral, Robert
62522		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0036625 Mobile 05 Aug 2017 Horne, Howard E.
4070		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0051987 Winston 18 Aug 2020 England, J. Kevin
11195		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus ssp. urinaria
TROY000035959 Marengo 28 Jun 2011 England, J. Kevin
2953		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
USAM000006055 Mobile 11 Oct 1979 LeLong, Michel G.
10964		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
JSU139052 Shelby 11 Oct 1997 Spaulding, Daniel D.
10157		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000019017 Tallapoosa 06 Sep 2006 Barger, T. Wayne
352		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_65320 Wilcox 3 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16041		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004739 Barbour 03 Sep 2000 Diamond, Alvin R.
12060		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004745 Dale 15 Sep 2000 Woods, Michael
8233		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0007625 Monroe 05 Sep 2009 Hooks, Ryanne
3		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
ALNHS00000797 Monroe 23 Aug 2011 Barger, T. Wayne
RH-337		 ALNHS
Phyllanthus urinaria L. ssp. urinaria
USAM000006051 Mobile 06 Sep 1978 LeLong, Michel G.
10524		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
JSU141242 Choctaw 01 Nov 1997 Whetstone, R. David
19151		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00069870 Tuscaloosa 28 Jul 2008 Steakley, Cherie Bryant
1391		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_55466 Pike 20 Sep 1994 Diamond, Alvin R.
9392		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000043242 Montgomery 24 Sep 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26862		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0016017 Pike 31 Oct 2012 Diamond, Alvin R.
23540		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_56294 Crenshaw 27 Aug 1995 Diamond, Alvin R.
9874		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
JSU141239 Baldwin 15 Oct 1982 Whetstone, R. David
12848		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00062182 Pike 24 Oct 2003 Diamond, Alvin R.
14239		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0051842 Tuscaloosa 12 Oct 2018 Spaulding, Daniel D.
15779		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_65309 Monroe 3 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16028		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000004750 Wilcox 03 Nov 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
16041		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000033637 Barbour 03 Sep 2011 Morrison, Derek
60		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_61186 Choctaw 26 Aug 1994 Crouch, Virginia E.
1174		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
UNA00018698 Mobile 23 Aug 1962 Harper, Roland M.
4535		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
USAM000006052 Mobile 05 Aug 1979 LeLong, Michel G.
10911		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
JSU141243 Etowah 06 Aug 1994 Hodge, Lesley M.
2970		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00059285 Calhoun 31 Jul 2002 Spaulding, Daniel D.
11512		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
TROY000042891 Houston 13 Aug 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26708		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
AUA_ACC_65601 Houston 15 Oct 2005 Diamond, Alvin R.
15963		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
AUA_ACC_64341 Butler 25 Sep 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14726		 AUA
Phyllanthus Urinaria L.
TROY000047781 Autauga 21 Sep 2017 Parker, Matthew R.
1264		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00063610 Baldwin 21 Oct 2004 Diamond, Alvin R.
14839		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
USAM000006053 Baldwin 30 Aug 1980 LeLong, Michel G.
11357		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0030711 Montgomery 24 Sep 2015 Diamond, Alvin R.
26862		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004738 Barbour 16 Oct 2006 Diamond, Alvin R.
15984		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
JSU141241 Bibb 31 Jul 1998 Whetstone, R. David
19660		 JSU
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0007624 Choctaw 07 Nov 1980 Kral, Robert
66591		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
TROY000044105 Geneva 25 Aug 2016 Byrd, Cameron
54A		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0036146 Barbour 08 Sep 2013 Keener, Brian R.
8166		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000004744 Dale 09 Nov 1999 Pennington, Tiffany
300		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0039900 Geneva 26 Aug 2016 Byrd, Cameron
53		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
UWAL0009531 Marengo 28 Jun 2011 England, J. Kevin
2953		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
TROY000033904 Coffee 06 Sep 2011 Counts, Kayla
13		 TROY
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UNA00066849 Sumter 13 Sep 2006 Mustain, Robert A.
100		 UNA
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
USAM000006057 Baldwin 10 Jul 1976 LeLong, Michel G.
9284		 USAM
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus
UWAL0036520 Tuscaloosa 30 Sep 2017 England, J. Kevin
8517		 UWAL
Phyllanthus urinaria Linnaeus ssp. urinaria
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