Wisteria frutescens

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens only. View county names by placing the mouse cursor over a particular county.

Species Distribution Map
Family:FABACEAE
Species:Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
Common Name:American Wisteria; Swamp Wisteria
Habitat:**
Associated Ecological Communities:**
Growth Habit:Vine
Duration:Perennial
Category:Vascular
USDA Symbol:WIFR
Plant Notes:American Wisteria is a native perennial woody vine in the Bean family (Fabaceae). It occurs throughout Alabama. American Wisteria grows on river and stream banks, along creeks, and in low, wet woodlands. It is a perennial woody vine that climbs by twining. Stems may reach a length of 25-30 feet, but are usually in the 10-15 foot range. Stems rarely reach a diameter larger than your finger. Young stems are green and pubescent with short, appressed hairs. Older stems are dark gray or brown. Stems twine clockwise. Leaves are deciduous, alternate, and odd pinnately compound. There are 9-15 ovate to lanceolate leaflets. Leaflets have entire margins and are pubescent on the lower surface. The flowers are produced after the leaves. Heaviest blooming is in the spring, but plants may re-bloom sporadically throughout the summer. Flowers are produced in densely flowered terminal racemes. Pedicels, calyces, and rachises have at least a few stalked glands. Individual flowers are stalked and papilionaceous. Flower color ranges from blue through white. The banner or standard petal is marked with white and yellow. Flowers are only slightly fragrant. The fruit is a flattened, glabrous legume with 3-4 flat round seed. American Wisteria is less aggressive than its Asian cousins. It is often available from nurseries. Several varieties are available including “Amethyst Falls”, “Magnifica”, and “Nivea” which has white flowers. American Wisteria is a larval host plant for the Silver-spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus). American Wisteria prefers a moist soil rich in organic matter. It requires a trellis or other support for climbing.--A. Diamond
Taxonomic Notes:**
Status:Native, FACW (NWI)
References:**
Specimen: View specimen details in the Alabama Herbarium Consortium Specimen Database

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

FamilyFABACEAE - Pea/Bean family
Genus Wisteria
Species Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret - American Wisteria; Swamp Wisteria

Citation

Citation WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (Linnaeus) Poiret, in Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 3: 674. 1823.
Basionym: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Type: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data (lectotype: Miller, Cat. Pl. t. 15. 1730). Lectotypified by Reveal, in Turland & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 470. 1997.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Synonyms

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Apios frutescens Apios frutescens (Linnaeus) Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 474. 1814.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Beadlea frutescens Beadlea frutescens (Linnaeus) Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 549. 1901.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Beadlea macrostachya Beadlea macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Small ex Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 549. 1901.Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838. 
Diplonyx elegans Diplonyx elegans Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 101. 1817. LOUISIANA
Glycine frutescens Glycine frutescens Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 753. 1753. SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data (lectotype: Miller, Cat. Pl. t. 15. 1730). Lectotypified by Reveal, in Turland & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 470. 1997.
Kraunhia macrostachya Kraunhia macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 134 1898.Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838. 
Kraunhia frutescens Kraunhia frutescens (Linnaeus) Greene ex Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 2: 294. 1913.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Phaseoloides frutescens Phaseoloides frutescens (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 201. 1891.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Phaseolus frutescens Phaseolus frutescens (Linnaeus) Eaton & J. Wright, Man. Bot., ed. 8. 354. 1840.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Thyrsanthus floridanus Thyrsanthus floridanus Croom, Amer. J. Sci. Arts 25: 75. 1834. FLORIDA
Thyrsanthus frutescens Thyrsanthus frutescens (Linnaeus) Elliott, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 371. 1818.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 
Wisteria frutescens var. albolilacina Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. albolilacina Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 3: 694. 1893.  
Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachya Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 283. 1838. LOUISIANA
Wisteria frutescens var. nivea Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. nivea Lescuyer, Horticulteur Franc. 4: 251. 1854.  
Wisteria macrostachya Wisteria macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Nuttall ex B. L. Robinson & Fernald, in A. Gray, Manual, ed. 7. 515. 1908.Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838. 
Wisteria speciosa Wisteria speciosa Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 116. 1818, nom. illegit.Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753. 

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort; choose a county or herbaria to filter the specimen data.

Counties included on distribution map: Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, DeKalb, Elmore, Etowah, Henry, Lamar, Lee, Macon, Marshall, Mobile, Pickens, Pike, Russell, St. Clair, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa

Counties represented by specimen data listed below:

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: AUA, JSU, SAMF, TROY, UNA, UWAL

Range of years during which specimens were collected: -

Barcode / Accession No. County Coll. Date Collector &
Collection No.		 Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used		 Image
JSU140794 Clay 17 May 1994 J. M. Ballard
3994		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
TROY000035079 Bullock 26 Apr 2012 Bailee Dykes
590		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014624 Dale 23 JUN 1991 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
7496		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
TROY000005811 Pike 25 Apr 2002 Alvin R. Diamond
13072		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014629 Pike 15 MAY 1983 MCLENDON, DEAN B.
137		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00059135 Baldwin 14 Apr 2001 D. D. Spaulding
11011		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
TROY000039405 Covington 09 May 2014 Alvin R. Diamond
25084		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
TROY000005809 Coffee 21 Apr 2000 Brian H. Martin
615		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014625 DeKalb 17 MAY 1969 CHITWOOD, JOHN C.
 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00018458 St. Clair 15 May 1979 Robert R. Haynes
7151		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
AUA000014628 Pike 14 APR 1991 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
7331		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
JSU139583 Etowah 11 May 1994 D. D. Spaulding
5854a		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014620 Conecuh 3 MAY 1972 KRAL, ROBERT
46327		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
TROY000038340 Elmore 11 Aug 2013 Alvin R. Diamond
24451		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00018465 _ Apr 1878 Charles Mohr
s.n.		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
TROY000019752 Elmore 01 May 2006 Alvin R. Diamond
16342		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014630 Tallapoosa 17 APR 1976 RUTLAND, DAVID W.
2188		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
AUA000014616 Butler 8 MAY 1971 DONOVAN, LOIS A.
306		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00056023 Covington 30 Jun 1998 John R. MacDonald
11550		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
AUA000024898 Elmore 1 MAY 2006 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
16342		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UWAL0015688 Elmore 11 Aug 2013 Alvin R. Diamond
24451		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00055766 Lamar 28 Apr 2002 Brian R. Keener
2028		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
JSU140795 Etowah 19 Jun 1994 L. M. Hodge
2671		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014614 Barbour 1 MAY 2002 GIL, GLENDA
(2001-143)		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
TROY000019754 Pickens 29 May 1972 Robert Kral
46869		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00017535 Russell 1 May 1972 R. Kral
46075		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
AUA000014621 Conecuh 10 MAY 1986 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
2477		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
JSU140790 Calhoun 11 Jul 1986 C. L. Lawler
738		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014622 Covington 27 APR 1979 JOHNSON, KENNETH G.
 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
AUA000025284 Covington 6 MAY 2011 PANCAKE, JR., DALE C.
 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00025955 Mobile 19 Mar 1994 Carroll J. Mann
51		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
JSU140792 Cherokee 01 Apr 1976 R. D. Whetstone
s.n.		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UWAL0033792 Clay 26 Apr 2015 Brian R. Keener
8806		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00018463 Tuscaloosa 1 May 1939 Roland M. Harper
3721		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
AUA000014623 Crenshaw 22 APR 1988 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
4536		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
JSU140796 Marshall 13 May 1992 D. D. Spaulding
1655		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014613 Barbour 13 AUG 1972 LUCKETT, LARRY
242		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00018461 Tuscaloosa 2 Apr 1984 Charles N. Horn
583		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
TROY000019708 Henry 01 May 2008 Alvin R. Diamond
19104		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UWAL0007182 Henry 1 May 2008 A.R. Diamond
19104		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
JSU140793 Covington 03 May 1972 R. Kral
46332		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014615 Bullock 23 APR 1992 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
8164		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
JSU140797 Marshall 21 May 1992 D. D. Spaulding
1785		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014627 Macon 12 APR 1954 MARSH, MARLIN W.
 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00018464 Pickens 4 Jul 1986 Charles N. Horn
1123		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
TROY000019707 Conecuh 07 May 2008 Alvin R. Diamond
19225		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
JSU140789 Bibb 01 Apr 1999 K. R. Brodeur
1650		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UWAL0011098 Bullock 26 Apr 2012 Bailee Dykes
590		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014617 Coffee 28 APR 1990 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6849		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UWAL0007181 Conecuh 7 May 2008 A.R. Diamond
19225		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UWAL0031794 Conecuh 05 May 1988 Kral, R.
74706		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
TROY000019753 DeKalb 13 May 2002 Daniel D. Spaulding
11281		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00058317 Pike 25 Apr 2002 Alvin R. Diamond
13072		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
UNA00018459 Calhoun 8 May 1979 John H. Wiersema
673		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
TROY000032072 Butler 17 Apr 2011 Alvin R. Diamond
21920a		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
TROY000019755 Chilton 16 May 1980 Robert Kral
65086		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014618 Coffee 21 APR 1972 DOOLEY, M. K.
101		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UNA00046175 Dale 8 Apr 1997 John R. MacDonald
10230		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
AUA000014619 Coffee 10 AUG 1989 DIAMOND, JR., ALVIN R.
6245		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
UWAL0016303 Covington 09 May 2014 Alvin R. Diamond
25084		 UWAL
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
SAMF0001944 Bibb 05 Sep 1988 L. J. Davenport
2551		 SAMF
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
TROY000005810 Covington 13 Aug 2000 Alvin R. Diamond
11994		 TROY
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
UNA00050090 Calhoun 11 Jul 1986 C. L. Lawler
738		 UNA
Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir.
JSU140791 Cherokee 01 Apr 1976 R. D. Whetstone
s.n.		 JSU
Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret
AUA000014626 Lee 22 APR 1972 HANNING, D. W.
042		 AUA
WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (L.) POIR.
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